Wednesday, December 9, 2009

opposition paper

Age discrimination is asset of belief, attitudes, norms and values used to justify age based prejudice and discrimination. When we talk of age discrimination, we are talking about when a decision is made based on person’s age, when a person’s rights are based on their age. As we know, everyone has a right and a people’s right should not be based on their age. It unlawful to discriminate against a person because of his or age with respect of any term condition and privilege of employment but these days it is become common practice in our society. Nowadays it happens that old people are not cared for as the young are because most people believe that they cannot do as much as the young ones can do so they restrict the old people and consider the young people. When it comes to jobs, many employers restrict the openings for old people. They think the old cannot perform or meet the demand the employer has in mind. They charge old people before they see how productive and asset they could be to their companies. We know that there many old people who can do better job than young could and they also have more experience and skills than the young and yet employers don’t look into those respective job priorities. It is clear that employers do not look the peoples experience and talents but they charge the people’s age. We know old people are more productive and able to adjust to changing their technology than young people because they are more expert as well know more than the young do. We know employers needs and ask people with experience and it is the old people who have the experience but still they do not hire the old people for the appropriate jobs. Employers do not see how productive the old could be in their institution, but they worry about their salary and their health costs. On the other hand, when jobs become scarcity these days, the number of people who get layoff are over forty years of age and above so the employers think that they should remain with the young and give layoff to the old people, therefore, this brings hatred and animosity among the society and it will affect the live of the community as well. It is now that we need to come to come up with ways to eliminate this kind of discrimination in the society. We know that there is no one who will benefit from this rather than creating problems to the community. I hope we have to come up with some restrictions that keep the right of the people regardless of their age. We know that people in this world have the same right and they should be treated equally regardless of their age, origin as well as religion. Since the law prohibits age discrimination, then we have to follow the law and keep the rights of the old people as well as their dignity and honor. There is no existing law that permits or allows anyone to practice age discrimination as the law protects the rights of every individual. We have to respect the law and it is the that determines what we do right and what we do wrong so we have to make sure employers should not treat old people as their pets but they should treat them with respect and justice and not defined them by their age.

Monday, December 7, 2009

outline of ramadhan

1. Month of Ramadan
2. Ramadan is the 9th month of Islamic calendar
a. It is the Islamic month of fasting
3. Ramadan started the second year of Islamic calendar
4. It also started at prophet Mohammad’s time
5. The most prominent event of this month is fasting
6. Some of the thing that should do during fasting is
a. Pray all the day
b. Ask forgiveness from Allah
c. Read the holly book that is Koran
7. Some of the things that should not be done during this month
a. Don’t drink, eat or smoke till sunset
b. Don’t have sex with your partner until sunset
c. Avoid backbite as well lies
d. No fighting as well as abusing
8. Condition of Ramadan
a. You should be at least 16 or over for you to fast
b. You should not be sick
c. The person should be free
d. The person should not be a traveler.

thesis statement

Ramadan
Muslim around the world anticipates the arrival of their holiest month of the year. During Ramadan, the ninth month of Islamic calendar, Muslim from all continents unites in a period of fasting and spiritual reflection. Muslim refrain from eating, drinking, smoking and indulging in anything that is excess or ill-natured from down until sunset.

thesis statement

Ramadan
Muslim around the world anticipates the arrival of their holiest month of the year. During Ramadan, the ninth month of Islamic calendar, Muslim from all continents unites in a period of fasting and spiritual reflection. Muslim refrain from eating, drinking, smoking and indulging in anything that is excess or ill-natured from down until sunset.

Friday, November 20, 2009

age discrimination.

Age discrimination is stereotyping of and discrimination against individuals or groups because of their age. It is asset of belief, attitudes, norms and values used to justify age based prejudice and discrimination. This maybe casual or systematic. Age discrimination still exists in our society. When we talk of age discrimination we are talking about when a decision is made on the basis of the person’s age, when the person’s rights are based on his or her age. This is something we always see around us or it might have happen to one of us. It is now we need to come up with ways of eliminating this kind of discrimination in our society. There is no one who benefits from and it creates animosity and hatred in our community. It is unlawful to discriminate against a person because of his\her age with respect to any term, condition, or privilege of employment, including hiring, firing, promotion, layoff, compensation, benefits, job assignment and training. It is also unlawful to retaliate against an individual for opposing employment practice that discriminate based on age or for filling an age discrimination charge, testifying or participating in any way in investigation proceeding under the law.
Often old people are not cared for as the young are. They are not given the health necessities that they deserve, and many times physicians and health care providers do not look into this. The attitude of physicians and other health care providers, as well as the health care institutions, offer instances of frank ageism or subtle discrimination based upon age. 60 percent of adults over 65 years do not receive recommended preventive services, and 40 percent do not receive vaccines for flu and pneumonia (New York) There should be some measures that need to be taken against these kinds of treatments either by legislative act or community agencies as this will create equality and trust worthy in our community.
When it comes to jobs, many employers restrict the openings for old people. They think the old people cannot perform or meet the demands the employer has in mind. They charge the old before they see how productive and asset they could be to their companies or institutions. We know there are many old people who can do betters job than the young could. Moreover, they still have more experience and skills than the young and yet people do not look into those respective job priorities. We know old people are productive and able to adjust to changing their technologies than young people because they are more expert than the young. Employers ask for people with experience and it is the old people who have the experience, but still they don’t hire the old people for the appropriate jobs. People don’t see how productive the old could be in their institutions, but they worry about the salary, heath costs, and time taken to train old people. An employer may subject an old worker to act of age discrimination in connection with any aspect of the employment relationship at any time between hiring and firing. Old workers have charged theirs employers with age discrimination in connection with failure to promote, demotions, failure to transfer, reduction in compensation and other matters relating to work term and condition of employment.
Ageism in the workplace restricts the job opportunities of the older workers, with significant consequences for the national economy. While many employers may have legitimate concerns about the costs related to the earnings, health insurance and pensions of older workers, many also have misconceptions about the productive and potential and receptiveness to training of older workers (New York). Let us not worry about the earning and heath costs of the old people, but rather sees what they can do for the success of our business. Let the health insurance providers treat the old as the young people are treated in the health centers and not increase their rate of insurance costs and the employers suffer for that, which also makes them not to hire people who would make them to pay a lot of money which otherwise they wouldn’t have to. We know no one would want to spend a lot of money when he/she can have another means of spending less. That is how everybody reasons, like price bargaining in different store to see which sells cheaper than the other, and of course we will go for the one that sells less.
With the economy growing down and there is scarcity of jobs; the numbers of people who get layoffs are over 40 years of age and above. Employers think that they need to remain with young and give layoff to the old people. Therefore this brings hatred and animosity among the community and it is not good ideas to do this kind habit because it will affect the live of the society. We have seen these kinds of injustices being practiced in our community. The claims of age discrimination in layoffs are rising in the U.S. According to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, such claims are at all- time high. Contributing factors include actual discrimination, the growing presence of presence of persons over 40 years in the workplace, and laws that make it easier to allege age discrimination (Levitez Jennifer). The old people have families that need their support and they need a job to support their families otherwise they will ruin their families. It happened in California when Ervin Lupoes was fired he came back home and shot his five kids and wife to death and eventually turned the gun to himself as he had no where to remain (cnn.com). “Aman apparently despondent about losing his job killed his five kids and wife before turning the gun to himself” So, this is how stressful and what a simple layoff could result. It could make people to become homeless and street beggars; it also brings 0thers problems like prostitution that will affect the whole world because we have seen so many old women in the streets asking people for money and when you ask them what forces them to become a prostitute she will tell you that she old enough that she will not be able to get a job and there is no other way she will survive in this world. On the other hand, we have seen people with small boards and saying “jobless need help”. Most of these are old people in between 40 to 60 who can work well if they have a job so being jobless can causes a lot stress and problems that will lead a person to end up his lives.
We can avoid this by establishing and putting in place stronger laws that will terminate this kind of social dissatisfactions and emotional effects. Everybody respects the law and it is the law that determines what we do right and what we do wrong. We have to make sure companies or employers don’t treat people as their pets and treat them with respect and justice, but not defined by their age. Assuming that you are the person who got layoff, how would you feel about it as a person and what do you think is the right step that you should do? If we can reason like this and put our selves in place of others there shouldn’t have been any sort of age discrimination because you already know the consequence of doing that and if somebody do to you then it will automatically affect your life and you will get mad about it so treat others as you will like to treat you and you should know one thing in this world that is the people have the same right regardless of age, color, religion, ethnic, sex and origin and they should not be treated according to their age but according to their knowledge and their experience. In this world no one is better than the other and all people have the same right so I don’t know why people practice age discrimination rather than being justice and they still know the effect of doing this.
The elderly may be as capable as the young. Age is not necessarily an indication of a person’s inferior ability or potential. Treating a person less favorably purely based on their age is just as unreasonable and unfair as doing so on the basis of his/her race and religion. This is also against with the principles of equal treatment and non-discrimination, which are at the heart of the notion of individual rights (Tan). If elder workers truly have a say, less concentration or manual strength than a younger worker, and this objectively and reasonably makes him less qualified for the particular job, then employers can still make their decisions based on his relatively lack of sustainability for the job and not on his age. Age discrimination in employment forbids age discrimination against people who are age forty or older. It does not protect worker under the age forty although it is not good practice it. Employment policy that applies to every one regardless of age can be illegal if it has a negative impact on applicant’s age of forty or older and is not based on reasonable factor other than age. It is not bad for an employer to favor an older worker over a young one although it is unlawful to harass a person because of his or her age but it is good to give first priority to old people because it is way of showing respect to them.
Age itself should not be a determinant. However, employers don’t still look things in depth, but just consider things from the top surface. We can implement and make employers understand this by opening workshops and train them on this idea and make them understand that age itself should not be a determinant. The only other way we can do bring age determinants to end is by coming with restrictions that will keep the rights of people whether young or old based employment issues. We know that that there is no law that will permit and allow any one to practice age discrimination and all laws prohibits discrimination on the basis of age in any program and activities receiving either government or private companies. The law protects the rights of every individual and every body has to follow the law.
Sergeant Malcolm tells us in his book, Age Discrimination, that there are some assumptions that the elderly are less favorable than others, perhaps because of an idea such people have outlived the useful part of their lives and society should somehow allocate its resource to those that have something left to contribute. Older people are may be segregated and regarded as a burden or a drain on the resources to those that have something of the community. “our lives are determined by ageing: the ages at which we learn to drive, have sex, by a house, or retire, travel by for or do other things” This is the worst judgment we can ever do to someone. Look, somebody can never outlive the most useful part of his or her live; his/her live always is useful to him or her and the rest community. They can always help, even a simple idea they say could be helpful and save millions of lives because they have more experience and they know how challenge things technically, socially, politically, and economically. Let us not exchange little thing with a bigger thing that can lead us to a total loss. The old people are our guides, they guide and advice us. We contact them when we need guidance because they are the ones who expert in this field and when we contact to them for counseling they lead us in to the right way. If we let the country to be ruled by a 30 year old person where do you thing we will end and thinking that the old cannot contribute any more? It is obvious we will end up no where because the person is not enough wise to take this big responsibility to rule the whole country so instead they say a person has to be 30 and over. This shows that old people are wiser than the young ones.
Finally, the person’s rights, responsibilities and abilities should not be based his or her age. Age discrimination is something we all need to stand against and work hard to terminate it because we need our society to have and develop good relationship regardless of age and it will create love, unity and brotherhood among the society but age discrimination brings and creates hatred and animosity among the society.

Tuesday, October 27, 2009

thesis statement

Somali tradition marriage.


What is marriage? The word “marriage” means only a legal union between a man and woman as a husband and wife. In Somalia community marriage is very important and most of the time it is proposed by the man who wants to get married and in some occasions it is also proposed by the family, either the father, mother, an elder brother or sister of the man’s family. According to Somali culture, traditions and believes marriage is important in the following ways: it brings significant stability and meaning to human relationship, it strengthens ones faith, when you are married you will feel the sense of having wife and will not date any other woman because your wife trusted you and once you are married you are devoted to that woman no one else. It is human continuity or it remains the idea for raising of children and new generation is produced that will assure the continuity of human. In addition, it is a form of social interaction of both families, it is a way of dealing and gaining responsibilities, both couples will develop the sense of responsibility by caring each other and the rest of the community as well. It is also a way of easing both the life of the man and woman. It is also a source of economical base because when couples make money out of work they will save some, therefore, creating economical base and start anew way of life. Marriage is uniquely beneficial to society because it is the foundation and the basic building of the society.
Still marriage stands an important aspect at the community and it is highly rated. Marriage has traditionally been understood as the sacred institution between a man and a woman. When marriages and families are healthy, community thrives, when marriage breaks down then the communities break down.

research paper

Polygamy is the practice of multiple marriages. Human being has practiced it for thousands of years. In Islam, polygamy is one of the most parts in marriage and its encouraged to practice it as it’s common in most Muslim community. In Muslim religion, it allows marrying more than one wife but it should not exceed more than four wives because this is the maximum number of wives you can marry in Islam. Therefore, there are verses of Koran which allows amen to marry more than one wife but only if he can deal justly with them.
“if you fear that you will not deal fairly by the orphan, marry of the women, who seem good to you” two or three or four; but if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with them, then only one or one that your right hands posses. That will be more suitable, to prevent you from doing injustice.”(Koran 4:3)
The above verses state that a man has the right to marry two, three, or four women if he can take their responsibility as well as their rights towards him. The verses also states that amen can marry many wives if he could be able to deal with them justly and fairly. It is also recommended to marry women of your choice; the one you think is suitable for you in terms of beauty, character as well as religion.
In Muslim religion, amen can marry a woman from other faith but you have to convert her to Islam, while a woman cannot marry a amen from other faith unless he convert to Islam. That is what Muslim religion says about marrying from other faith. Muslim religion higher emphases the important about marriage and it is mentioned in the holy Koran so many times from the chapter to the last telling people to marry many women as much as they can, in order to avoid prostitution as well as incurable diseases such as HIV/AIDS. Allah cursed those who do extramarital sex with other women rather than marrying legal wives. He told us to marry up to a maximum of four wives. This prevents us from chronic diseases that can ruin the live of the people so there is no polygamy in this world then there will be many problems in this universe so polygamy is the only way we can reduce this daily problems in this world. In these days, the number of women is more than the number of men; therefore, each person has to marry more wives to balance the ratio of women and men because cohabitation –living together outside of marriage has generally increased among young, never married, adult as well as divorced this really brought a lot of problem to the community. There are many children born without wedlock and they encounter problems in their lives.
In fact, women need a husband and a child needs a father so a man is the basic need of a women and a father is the basic need of a child. A child without a father and a woman without a husband are like a tea without sugar so it will not make any sense.
The primary purpose of polygamy in Islam is regulating sexuality with in marriage as well as creating an atmosphere for the continuity and extension of the family so polygamy increases the population and continuity of human being.
The Koran limited the maximum number of wives to four those who had more than four wives at the time of embracing Islam were required to divorce the extra wives. Islam further reformed the situation of polygamy by requiring equal treatment to all wives. The Muslim is not permitted to differentiate between wives in regard to sustenance and expenditure, time and other obligation of a husband. Islam does not allow a man to marry another woman if he will not be fair in his treatment. (Bukhari and Muslim).
“Marry not kidnap, buy or seduce, what is “marriage as understood in Islam? Marriage in Islam is a civil contract that is not valid unless both contracting parties consent to it. Thus, no wife, can be forced or given to a husband who is already married” (Koran: 4:129).
The verse explains that marriage is a civil contract, which must be agreed upon the two people who are involved in the marriage and a woman cannot be forced to marry a man she does not want to because she has the right to marry a man of her choice regardless of color, national origin and so on but he must be a Muslim person.
The great Hebrew patriarchies equally revered by Judaism, Christianity and Islam-Abraham, Moses, Jacob, David and Solomon, to name a few were polygamist. (Marry Ali). Abraham had three wives (genesis 16:1, 16:3, 25:1). Moses had two wives (exodus 2:21, 18:1-6, 12:1). Jacob had four wives (genesis 29:23, 29:28, 30:4, and 30:9). David had at least eighteen wives (1 Samuel 18:27, 25:39-44, 2 Samuel 3:3, 3-4-5, 5:14). Solomon had seven hundred wives (one king 11:3).
That is how great prophets married during their lifetime in the past and it is important to follow their steps and instructions because they are the ones that Allah sent to guide people in to the right path.
Like Judaism and Christianity, Islam does not provide an explicit prohibitation of polygamy. Unlike Judaism, Christianity and perhaps-other religions as well, Islam deals with the issue more clearly and provides certain legal requirement and restraints that amount to the discouragement of such a practice. (Jamal Badawi). The reason for not prohibiting polygamy categorically is perhaps duo to the fact that there are certain condition, which faced individuals and societies in different places and at different times, which make the limited practice of polygamy a better solution than either divorce or hypocritical pretence of morality. According to the Jamal’s statement, polygamy is the solution to many problems in the society and it become common and popular after the society faced variety problems in the past and become common as most people practice these days.
Meanwhile polygamy is good morality and happiness, creating socialism and interaction between community where needs of man and woman are well taken care of. It promotes relationship and unity among the community. People from different communities enter marry and exchange their morals values.
Islam wants people to be married to develop a good family structure. Islam also realized the requirement of the society and the individual in special circumstance where polygamy can be the solution to problems. Therefore, Islam has allowed polygamy limiting the number of wives to four. In this article, polygamy has been used to mean polygyny meaning having two or more wives. (Jamal Badawi)